Researchers at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine found that patients receiving care for advanced cancer at Moores Cancer Center at UC San Diego Health were more likely to survive or experience a longer period without their disease progressing if they received personalized cancer therapy.
The study was published in Nature Communications.
Led by Razelle Kurzrock, director of the Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy at Moores Cancer Center and senior author of the study, a multidisciplinary molecular tumor board was established to advise treating physicians on course of care using an individual patient’s molecular tumor makeup to design precision medicine strategies.
“Patients who underwent a molecular tumor board-recommended therapy were better matched to genomic alterations in their cancer and had improved outcomes,” Kurzrock said in a statement. “The three-year survival for patients with the highest degree of matching and who received a personalized cancer therapy was approximately 55% compared to 25% in patients who received therapy that was unmatched or had low degrees of matching.”
Of 429 patients evaluated by the molecular tumor board, 62% were matched to at least one drug. Twenty percent of patients matched to all recommended drugs, including combination therapies.
The tumor board acted in an advisory role and treating physicians chose not to use the board’s recommended strategy in 38% of cases, opting instead for a standard therapy approach that might have been unmatched to the patient’s genetic alterations or had a low degree of matching. These patients experienced a lower progression-free survival and overall survival rates.
The use of next-generation sequencing allows for the identification of novel potential targets for patients with cancer to improve outcomes, but there are challenges to using this approach widely, said Shumei Kato, associate professor of medicine at UC San Diego School of Medicine and first author.
“One of the hurdles is that every cancer patient appears to be carrying different molecular and genomic patterns despite having the same cancer type,” Kato, a Moores Cancer Center medical oncologist specializing in rare and gastrointestinal cancers, said in a statement. “This can be challenging since we are customizing therapy based on the unique genomic pattern patients have, and thus it is difficult to predict the response. In addition, this approach requires multidisciplinary expertise as well as access to drugs or clinical trials not always available in smaller practices.”
At Moores Cancer Center, the molecular tumor board is composed of experts in basic, transitional and clinical research as well as bioinformatics, genetics, radiology, pathology and physicians in multiple specialties such as medical, surgical and radiation oncology.
This research was funded, in part, by NIH (P30 CA023100) and the Joan and Irwin Jacobs Fund.
