At Lung SPORE Workshop, experts reflect on the significance of discovery of EGFR mutations two decades ago

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May 2024 marked the 20th anniversary of the publication of papers on the role of EGFR mutation in lung cancer. This is a seminal event that changed the history of this disease and that can be traced back to one reason why cancer mortality has been declining in the United States. 

The Cancer Letter and the Cancer History Project explore this development in a comprehensive multimedia series consisting of opinion pieces, our real-time coverage, historical documents, and interviews with scientists, clinicians, drug regulators, and cancer survivors. 

This multimedia series is guest-edited by Suresh S. Ramalingam, a lung cancer expert, executive director of Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, and editor-in-chief of the journal Cancer. 

This is the third story in a series that will explore the process of discovery of EGFR mutations in lung cancer, the learning curve for using the drugs that target those mutations, and the unparalleled impact on patients with lung cancer and other diseases.

Twenty years ago, the discovery of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations as drivers of tumorigenesis and viable targets for therapeutic intervention marked the beginning of a new era in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. Since then, the field has made remarkable progress towards developing more effective targeted treatments and immunotherapies that have significantly improved patient outcomes and survival.

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Katerina A. Politi, PhD
Joseph A. and Lucille K. Madri Professor of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine; Scientific director, Center for Thoracic Cancers, co-leader, Cancer Signaling Networks, Yale Cancer Center
Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD
Ensign Professor of Medicine (Medical Oncology) and Professor of Pharmacology; Deputy director, Yale Cancer Center and Smilow Cancer Hospital; Assistant dean for Translational Research, Yale School of Medicine
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Tagrisso (osimertinib) demonstrated a sustained, clinically meaningful overall survival benefit at eight years compared to placebo in the adjuvant treatment of patients with early-stage (1B, 2, and 3A) epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small cell lung cancer after complete tumor resection with curative intent, according to the updated exploratory results from the ADAURA phase III trial. 
Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group announced positive overall survival data from ARTEMIS-008, its pivotal phase III trial in China, evaluating the B7-H3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate risvutatug rezetecan (Ris-Rez) versus topotecan in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer whose disease progressed following platinum-based first-line therapy.
Patients with with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertion mutations treated with intravenous Rybrevant (amivantamab-vmjw) plus carboplatin-pemetrexed chemotherapy achieved a median OS of nearly three years (34.3 months), compared with 27.9 months for chemotherapy alone, according to the final overall survival analysis of the phase III PAPILLON study. 
Katerina A. Politi, PhD
Joseph A. and Lucille K. Madri Professor of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine; Scientific director, Center for Thoracic Cancers, co-leader, Cancer Signaling Networks, Yale Cancer Center
Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD
Ensign Professor of Medicine (Medical Oncology) and Professor of Pharmacology; Deputy director, Yale Cancer Center and Smilow Cancer Hospital; Assistant dean for Translational Research, Yale School of Medicine

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